Its semidouble sport or seedling officinalis is light crimson, is of unknown antiquity and has a wonderful striped sport in versicolor known as rosa. Emilie bourge, the founder and perfumer of the french perfume house brecourt, pays homage to the queen of flowers in rosa gallica. For centuries it was grown for its medicinal qualities, which is why it is widely known as the apothecarys rose. Rosa gallica is a deciduous shrub growing to 2 m 6ft by 1 m 3ft 3in. Rosa gallica officinalis, sometimes called the red damask, was often pictured in. Verriers earlier book, rosa rugosa, convinced many gardeners to abandon their hybrid tea roses for the older roses. Old fashion roses of which there are many varieties have the best scent. Rosa gallica opens the collection ephemere, a range of fragrances. Rosa gallica officinalis, gallicarose or apothecarys rose, before 1240. Comparatively few of the hundred or more rose species found in the wild have contributed to the make up of presentday garden roses. There is a layer of hairs around the seeds just beneath the flesh of the fruit. Red roses cool, bind, strengthen both vital and animal virtue, restores such as are in consumptions, strengthen.
Elegant gallica rose rosa gallica officinalis variety. Gallica is one of the major digital libraries available for free via the internet. The other parent of autumn damask is supposed to have been a gallica, some form or descendent of r. Henriettes herbal is one of the oldest and largest herbal medicine sites on the net. The rose was first adopted as a heraldic device by the first earl of lancaster. Gallica is intended to all readers, whether users just having a look, booklovers. The apothecarys rose, known to botanists as rosa gallica officinalis, is one of the most. Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the plants classification report. It is considered one of the best, especially when grown in rich soil. It forms a low branching shrub, the blooms held nicely poised above ample dark green foliage. Many plants bear the names of saints or of the virgin mary, and until this century were used for a range of medicinal and quasi magical purposes. The apothecary rose rosa gallica officinalis is a beautiful rose with an ancient past.
Noted for its beauty and exceptional fragrance, rosa gallica var. However, as people discovered their medicinal properties of roses, roses were cultivated into the rosa gallica officinalis. It was these roses that played a key part in the development of david austins. The gallicas are probably the oldest of all garden roses. Rosa gallica officinalis is probably one of the oldest cultivated roses and was almost certainly grown by the romans. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Rosa gallica officinalis shrub rose peter beales roses. Rosier des apothicaires the new york public library digital collections. Pliny says that the romans called england alba because of the white roses rosa alba that bloomed so prolifically there.
Fast forward a few thousand years and rosa gallica got itself tied up in a bloody war in england the war of the roses. The wild species rosa gallica is in the parentage of all the old european roses though it is of little consequence today. Rosa gallica officinalis monaco nature encyclopedia. Examples of gallicas are the apothecary rose, from the 12th century, also known as rosa gallica officinalis, and the red rose of lancaster which is one of the most ancient gallicas.
Antistress effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of rosa. Her newest book, rosa gallica may do the same thing for another type of rose. Jun 02, 2016 roses, botany, garden, nature, flowers, plant, summer, passion for botany, biology. Shop laura merciers the perfect cream multitasking moisturizer at sephora. Plant information taken from the plants for a future. This digital collection of thousands of page images of wellknown and esoteric illustrated botanical plate books is inspired by an exhibition and subsequent monograph, nature illustrated. Old garden rose, species rosa gallica officinalis apothecary. Rosa gallica officinalis shrub rose bare root or container. It is rosa gallica officinalis, the apothecarys rose, and its history in these islands goes back to the middle ages.
Roses, clematis and peonies and everything gardening related. Its been online since 1995, and is run by henriette kress, a herbalist in helsinki, finland. The apothecarys rose, known to botanists as rosa gallica officinalis, is one of the most celebrated of all ancient roses. The rosa gallica of gaul was also common in the british isles from early times. Planted in the walled gardens, convents and monasteries of medieval europe, the apothecarys rose is a special plant with a meaningful legacy. Roses were first sold in pots, as were most plants, to fulfil the demands of the instant gardener, but the traditional method of supply is as bare root plants in the winter months, often by mail order. Rosa the apothecays rose, red rose of lancaster, rose of provins, double french rose common namesoil. The apothecarys rose dates back much further in history than the renaissance, however. The plant will often revert back to its parent, apothecarys rose now rosa gallica officinalis, so it isnt uncommon to see both roses on the same plant. The exact species or cultivar which the red rose relates to is uncertain, but it is thought to be rosa gallica officinalis. The following is a selected list of rose varieties and cultivars which currently 2017 hold the royal horticultural societys award of garden merit. Media storehouse framed 20x16 print of rosa gallica officinalis 199317.
Rosa gallica, the gallic rose, french rose, or rose of provins, is a species of flowering plant in the rose family, native to southern and central europe eastwards to turkey and the caucasus. This beloved rose grows 3 to 4 feet tall and bears crimsonmagenta blooms in late spring through early summer. Promising silken petals in crimson, purple, mauve, magenta, and intense pink with a few magnificent pale pinks among the ranks, verrier says that rosa gallica and their offspring offer tolerence to shade, delicious fragrances, elegant flowers, and leaves that go all the way down to the bottom of. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about old garden rose, species rosa gallica officinalis apothecarys rose supplied by member gardeners in the plantfiles database at da. The flowers are followed by small round hips in the autumn. Also known as the apothecarys rose it is still in cultivation and was in fact the red rose of lancaster. Elegant gallica is a particularly fine double form of the apothecarys rose that was found in the gardens of the wyck house, a 17thcentury historic site in germantown, pa, with a rose garden dating to the 1820s. This is the traditional rose used for medicine and perfumery. A brief history of historic roses historic roses group. Rosa gallica officinalis is considered the first rose cultivated in a garden setting. It was one of the first species of rose to be cultivated in central europe. Noted for its fragrance, this rose has a bland, unconi plicated sweetness which is a. Things to do in provins, the perfect history day trip from paris.
Summer flowering old roses are the true old roses of early european origin. The large petals dry well for potpourri, but are not recommended for fresh cut or dried flowers. Rosa gallica rosa moschata rosa fetschenkoana rosa canina rosa chinensis rosa gigantea rosa foetida rosa multiflora. Media storehouse framed 20x16 print of rosa gallica. Horticultural group gallica roses are compact, prickly shrubs with dull green foliage and generally fragrant, single to double flowers in small clusters in midsummer details r. Favoured rose of monastical herberies of the middle ages. Gallica definition is a compact fragrant european rose rosa gallica having usually pink, red, or crimson flowers that yield an oil used especially in perfumery.
Up until a few years ago, most nurseries carried only the most common varieties like apothecarys rose and rosa mundi and trying to track down some. It is in flower from june to july, and the seeds ripen from august to october. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Significant subgroups derived from rosa arvensis rosa pimpinellifolia rosa wichurana rosa. While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get. Rosa gallica, the gallic rose, french rose, or rose of provins, is a species of flowering plant in. The complete book of roses provides a general history and guide through. The oldest of all european medieval roses, it is considered to be the longest cultivated rose in human history. Depicted in the art and culture of ancient civilizations, the apothecary rose featured in early minoan wall frescoes, as early as 15001600bc. Mix 25 litres farmyard manure, or pulverized tree bark with bone meal, in soil before planting. Probably brought back from the seventh crusade where it became the basis of a vast medicinal industry. This page is best viewed in an uptodate web browser with style sheets css enabled. Airdried petals of rosa gallica officinalis were purchased from ohtsuya co.
It was used for medicinal purposes and fragrance in the 9th century. Red roses cool, bind, strengthen both vital and animal virtue, restores such as are in consumptions. Beautiful gallicas are the oldest roses cultivated in western gardens and are. Many scholars place the origin of rosa gallica in the caucasus. A monastic herb garden which has been re created at jedburgh abbey, scotland. The gallica, gallica hybrid, or rose of provins group is a very old class developed from rosa gallica, which is a native of central and southern europe and western asia. Natural variation gave rise to forms with a few extra petals, of which the best known is r. The species rosa gallica is the aboriginal source of the garden group, gallica roses. Flowers, plants, and trees, 15501900 1989, by bernard mctigue, the late former curator of the arents collection and keeper of rare books. Up until a few years ago, most nurseries carried only the most common varieties like apothecarys rose and rosa mundi and trying to track down some of the more obscure varieties required a lot of work. Apr 25, 2018 its said that the rose first came to provins via thibaud iv, count of champagne, after he visited israel in the 1200s. These hairs can cause irritation to the mouth and digestive tract if ingested.
Since roman times, the wild roses from provins were known as the rosa gallica. The oldest cultivated rose, deep pink to carmine red with a mauve undertone. Jun 23, 2017 it is rosa gallica officinalis, the apothecarys rose, and its history in these islands goes back to the middle ages. Here there is a mystery, because gallicas do not repeat their flower, and the received wisdom is that a first generation hybrid raised from one repeating and. New perfume and candle from the french house brecourt were introduced at fragranze 2012. This lightweight moisturizer targets visible signs of aging. With buds and petals rich in tonic, digestive and astringent properties, they provide remedies for skin rash, sore throat, stomatitis, or venous deficiency.
Media in category rosa officinalis the following 18 files are in this category, out of 18 total. The gallica roses are one of the oldest garden rose varieties, with r. It is said to have been brought to france in the th century by the crusaders. Apparently it was used as the badge for the house of lancaster in the battle for the english throne, hence its other common name rose of lancaster.
Rosa gallica is the only easily accessible and complete guide to these ancient. Gallica red rose of lancaster the apothecarys rose. Red roses cool, bind, strengthen both vital and animal virtue. Until recently, it was difficult to find information about gallica roses. Rosa gallica versicolor rosa mundi, before 1581 rosa mundi is a spectacular red and white striped sport of rosa gallica officinalis. Parent to many floribunda and hybrid tea roses, it is covered with profuse, semidouble, rich, deep reddishpink flowers, up to 3 in. From rosa gallica, a species indigenous to central and southern europe including france hence gallica, meaning of gaul. Rosa gallica officinalis rose red gallica, historic rose.
Its also known as apothecarys rose, because during the past thousand years it has been used by. In the 17th century the dutch started to breed new varieties, and later the french continued their development on a very large scale. Persians, egyptians, greeks, and romans reportedly grew this rose because it was believed to have great medicinal attributes. Apothecary rose fact sheet herb federation of new zealand. The apothecarys rose dates back much further in history than the. The picture above shows the most popular of all gallicas, the rosa mundi rose, and its flowers are striped and very lovely. Islam swept through the area and zealots destroyed much of the texts of that time. Red and white striped, this rose blooms in most climates. The national arboretum book of outstanding garden plants. This book is an essential source of information about the gallicas and in it suzanne. The red rose of lancaster a rose gules is the county flower of lancashire. The apothecarys rose, by leslie wilson the history girls. Rosa gallica is one of the earliest cultivated species of roses.
It is also said to be the red rose of lancaster, the emblem chosen by the house of lancaster at the time of the war of the roses. The flowers of light crimson are semidouble and borne all over the bush in june. In the 19th century it was the most important species of rose to be cultivated, and most modern european rose cultivars have at least a small contribution from r. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by bees.
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