A transformer is a device that converts one ac voltage to another ac. Apr 09, 2020 transformer lecture notes edurev is made by best teachers of. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. In the case of the magnetic field we can see that our old amperes law can not be the whole story. In particular, if a coil rotates in the presence of a magnetic field, the induced emf varies sinusoidally with time and leads to an alternating current ac, and provides a source of ac. Transformer core the composition of a transformer core depends on voltage, current, and frequency. In other words, for a transformer there is no direct electrical connection between the two coil windings, thereby giving it the name also of an isolation transformer. Apr 21, 2020 chapter 2 transformers part 1 notes, electrical machines, electrical engineering electrical engineering ee notes edurev is made by best teachers of electrical engineering ee. The matter presented here is prepared by the author for their respective teaching assignments by referring the text books and reference books. Ge 207electrical machines i part a singlephase transformer 2nd year comm. Ahmed threephase transformer a threephase system in used to generate and transmit electric power. If you dont already have a viewer for pdf files, you can download the foxit reader or download the acrobat reader. Transformer and generators note pdf download lecturenotes for.
Transformer are the static electrical device which transmit the power at different voltage level at same frequency. Basic transformer notes transformer alternating current scribd. These notes are based in part on alternating current circuit theory by g. A transformer consists of two electrically isolated coils and operates on faradays principal of mutual induction, in which an emf is induced in the transformers secondary coil by the magnetic flux generated by the.
This pdf ebook notes on basic electrical engineering contains brief concise notes and will help you in your studies for your first year semester examination. A transformer has no moving parts and is a completely. The high voltage and low voltage windings are placed on top of each other and insulated by layers or tubes. We then use the information gleaned from relating the copper wire turns loss of a transformer to more accurately treat the case of an inductor which carries only ac currents in. Develop transformer equivalent circuits from opencircuit and short. Each of these materials is suitable for certain applications. Introduction to transformers construction, working. Transformers cannot pass dc voltages transformer saturates when. Acknowledgmentthese handouts and lecture notes given in class are based on material from prof. One of their main applications is within mains power supplies. Basic electrical technology lecturer nptel videos description notes by prof. Lecture notes basic electrical and electronics engineeringunit 1. Department of eee svecw page 4 output of the instrument, which needs to be calibrated.
Power systems notes for gate and competitive exams. Transformer, mutual inductor, uses of transformers, construction of transformers, ideal transformer, complex mutual impedance of a transformer, ideal transformer as a multiplier for potential difference, ideal transformer as a multiplier for current, ideal transformer with a complex load, reflected impedances in equivalent circuits, shunt impedances in equivalent circuit. This basic electrical engineering notes pdf free download starts with the topics covering introduction to electrical engineering. Apr 02, 2008 lecture series on basic electrical technology by prof. In both core and shell type transformers, the laminations are cut in the form of l, e and i shape to avoid high reluctance at the joints. A transformer is one of the most common devices found in electrical system that links the circuits which are operating at different voltages. Not all lectures will have handouts, this table only provides handouts that are available electronically. The purpose of a transformer is to change electrical. Umanand, principal research scientist, power electronics group, cedt, iisc bangalore for more detail. Ip rating for electrical enclosure 11kv415v over head line specification as per rec abstract of national skip to content engineering interview questions,mcqs,objective questions,class notes,seminor topics,lab viva pdf free download. It can be designed to step up or step down voltages and works on the magnetic induction principle. The transformer is a electrostatic device which is used to transfer electrical energy voltage or current from one circuit to another by mutual induction of two electric circuits without change in frequency, which is working under the principle of electromagnetic induction.
Commonly used core materials are air, soft iron, and steel. Below we have list all the links as per the modules. Transformers and generators vtu notes pdf tg pdf vtu. Kirchhoffs laws, node and mesh analysis, deltastar and stardelta transformations. Distribution voltages are typically medium voltage, between 2.
Nptel provides elearning through online web and video courses various streams. A transformer consists of two electrically isolated coils and operates on faradays principal of mutual induction, in which an emf is induced in the transformers secondary coil by the magnetic flux generated by the voltages and currents flowing in the primary coil winding. While operating principles of transformers remain the same, the challenges of. Download basic electrical and electronics engineering notes pdf. Complicated distribution substations can be found in the downtown areas of large cities. Thus every wire and circuit element generally has some inductance that may influence circuit behavior, particularly at higher frequencies. Steel itself is a conductor, and changing lines of magnetic flux also induce a voltage and current in this conductor. Transients in rl, rc and rlc circuits with dc excitation. If you dont already have a viewer for pdf files, you can download the acrobat reader. This section contains lecture notes in both pdf and powerpoint formats. Tap changing arrangement off circuit tap changing switch off circuit tap changing link on load tap changer two earthing terminals lifting lugs drain cum filter valve pressure relief device silica gel dehydrating breather. All transformers rely on the principle of mutual inductance for their operation. Department of eee svecw page 5 the deflecting torque is responsible for the movement of the pointer in proportion to the value of the measurand.
Explore prime new internship new upload login register. Some of the slides include animations, which can be seen by viewing the powerpoint file as a slide show. Bee1101 1 st and 2 nd semester syallabus modulei 10 hours dc networks. Transformer construction a transformer consists of two windings coupled through a magnetic medium. A transformer changes the voltage level or current level on its input winding to another value on its output winding using a magnetic field. Lecture 34 high frequency transformers in part a we will focus on transformers and the relation between magnetic and electrical properties. Lecture transformers 3 acknowledgmentthese handouts and lecture notes given in class are based on material from prof. Perhaps the most familiar application today is for small electronic devices such as laptop computers. Thus, they measure the quantity in terms of their deflection, for which they are already calibrated. Generally, the primary winding of a transformer is connected to the input voltage supply and converts or transforms the electrical power into a magnetic field. Download pdf of transformer and generators note offline reading, offline notes, free download in app, engineering class handwritten notes, exam notes. A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction.
A transformer is an electrical device used to change the value of an alternating voltage. The two windings of the transformer are called high voltage winding and low voltage winding. May 21, 2014 apr 09, 2020 transformer lecture notes edurev is made by best teachers of. This experience suggested there might be other people much like myselfoutside the power industry, but vitally concerned with it. Lecture series on basic electrical technology by prof. We have provided basic electrical and electronics of b. Tech 1st year study materials and lecture notes for cse, ece, eee, it, mech, civil, ane, ae, pce and all other branches. Distribution substations may also be the points of voltage regulation, although on long distribution circuits several kmmiles, voltage regulation equipment may also be installed along the line. The principle parts of a transformer and their functions are. Nevertheless, singlephase rectifiers are still in use both as lowpower standalone converters up to. Generally, aircore transformers are used when the voltage source has a high frequency above 20 khz. Larger transformer use layered construction shown in the previous.
Chapter 2 transformers part 1 notes, electrical machines, electrical engineering. It is provided by the different effects of electric current on which the operation of the given instrument depends. In largescale system studies, even cantilever model becomes too complex. The transformer is a static device that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another electrical circuit through the medium of. Distribution substations michigan technological university. Lower i means less power loss due to i2r losses in lines, cables, transformers, etc generator step up transformer i v step down transformer v i three phase transformers 3 singlephase units can form 3phase bank or. Many of the handouts will be in portable document format pdf. Some slides are taken from ali bazis presentations disclaimer these handouts only provide highlights and should not be used to replace the course textbook. A transformer is an electrical apparatus designed to convert alternating current from one voltage to another. Transformers have been used at powerplants since the inception of alternatingcurrent generation, a century ago. Lecture 17 transformers in this lecture the following are introduced. The input for a distribution substation is typically at least two transmission or subtransmission lines. The circuit diagram for such an application is given in fig.
Electric power systems pennsylvania state university. These notes has been made by me after watching nptel lectures given by dr. They vary in size from miniature units used in electronics to huge units used in power stations. Voltampere rating transformer rating is specified as the product of voltage and current and called va rating. The core, which makes a path for the magnetic flux. This document is highly rated by electrical engineering ee students and has been viewed 628 times. The transformer is a static device that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another electrical circuit through the medium of magnetic field and without a change in the frequency. Here are the pdf lecture notes for the first year engineering subject basic electrical engineering. Then to summarise this transformer basics tutorial. Basic transformer notes transformer alternating current.
Pdf basic electrical engineering 1st year ebook, notes. This document is highly rated by students and has been viewed 241 times. Distribution substation a distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the distribution system of an area. Nptel electrical engineering electrical machines i. Transformers vary considerably in construction, size and shape depending on their application. Inductors all circuits carry currents that necessarily produce magnetic fields and store magnetic energy. Transformers are widely used in many applications in radio and electronics. A transformer consists of two coils of wire called windings, which are wound onto a common iron core. Transformer, mutual inductor, uses of transformers, construction of transformers, ideal transformer, complex mutual impedance of a transformer.
They are encountered daily, in industrial, commercial and domestic situations. Here the transformer is used to change the incoming mains voltage around 240 v in many countries, and 110v in many others to the required voltage to supply the equipment. These are commonly used in applications where there is a need of ac voltage conversion from one voltage level to another. Lecture 6 ecen 45175517 stepup dcdc converter with isolation. Consider the case of charging up a capacitor c which is connected to very long wires. Basic electrical and electronics engineering notes pdf. Threephase voltages are raised or lowered by means of threephase transformers. Basic electrical engineering pdf free download links. Here is an example in which current does not gives rise to the magnetic field. Lower i means less power loss due to i2r losses in lines, cables, transformers, etc generator step up transformer i v step down transformer v i three phase transformers 3 singlephase units can form 3phase bank or single threephase transformer 3 separate cores in a single tank. Umanand description about all chapters i consider this as lecture 2 meaning the first part the motivation as 1, the second part the course contents as 2 and the lecture 3 which will be of course the next hour. Here you can download the transformers and generators vtu notes pdf tg pdf vtu of as per vtu syllabus.
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